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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Setup of Capillary Electrophoresis-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (CE-ICP-MS) for Quantification of Iron Redox Species (Fe(II), Fe(III))

Setup of Capillary Electrophoresis-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (CE-ICP-MS) for Quantification of Iron Redox Species (Fe(II), Fe(III))

Published on: May 4, 2020

Manganese exposure, essentiality & toxicity.

A B Santamaria¹

¹ENVIRON International Corporation, Houston, Texas 77042, USA. asantamaria@environcorp.com

The Indian Journal of Medical Research

|December 25, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Manganese (Mn) is essential, but high exposure can harm the nervous system. Research aims to define safe exposure thresholds and identify early biomarkers for manganese neurotoxicity.

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Setup of Capillary Electrophoresis-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (CE-ICP-MS) for Quantification of Iron Redox Species (Fe(II), Fe(III))

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Published on: May 4, 2020

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Functional Neuroimaging Using Ultrasonic Blood-brain Barrier Disruption and Manganese-enhanced MRI

Functional Neuroimaging Using Ultrasonic Blood-brain Barrier Disruption and Manganese-enhanced MRI

Published on: July 12, 2012

Area of Science:

Environmental Health
Neuroscience
Toxicology

Background:

Manganese (Mn) is an essential element for all living organisms, found naturally in the environment.
High exposure to manganese can lead to elevated tissue levels and neurological effects.
The neurotoxicological impact of manganese suggests a potential exposure threshold exists for adverse effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To address data gaps in understanding manganese neurotoxicity at low exposure levels.
To identify and validate early biomarkers for manganese exposure and neurotoxicity.
To develop physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models for accurate manganese risk assessment.

Main Methods:

Review of existing occupational studies on low-level manganese exposure.
Analysis of experimental studies in rodents and monkeys on manganese absorption, distribution, and homeostasis.
Development of PBPK models to predict manganese pharmacokinetics and brain accumulation.

Main Results:

Rodents and primates exhibit homeostatic mechanisms regulating manganese tissue levels.
PBPK models are being developed for route-to-route extrapolation and CNS uptake evaluation.
These models will aid in identifying populations with altered manganese metabolism and predicting brain accumulation.

Conclusions:

Further research is needed to establish the clinical significance of neurobehavioral endpoints in low-level manganese exposure.
Validated early biomarkers are crucial for detecting subclinical manganese-induced neurotoxicity.
PBPK models will enable more robust, dosimetry-based risk assessments for manganese, informing regulatory guidelines.