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Vital tooth bleaching: biologic adverse effects-a review
Maryline Minoux1, Rene Serfaty
1Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France. minoux@igbmc.u-strasbg.fr
Quintessence International (Berlin, Germany : 1985)
|December 25, 2008
Summary
Hydrogen peroxide is used for vital tooth bleaching, but its mechanism and safety are unclear. This review examines its properties and potential risks to dental tissues and oral health.
Area of Science:
- Dental materials science
- Biochemistry
- Oral toxicology
Background:
- Vital tooth bleaching is an esthetic treatment for dyschromia.
- Hydrogen peroxide is the primary active agent, but its mechanism of action is not fully understood.
- Contradictory studies complicate the assessment of bleaching safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the physicochemical properties of hydrogen peroxide.
- To evaluate the safety of hydrogen peroxide as a vital tooth-bleaching agent.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on hydrogen peroxide.
- Analysis of physicochemical properties and biological effects.
Main Results:
- Hydrogen peroxide generates free radicals, raising concerns about adverse effects on enamel, dentin, and pulp.
- Concerns exist regarding the impact on composite resin bonding.
- Ingestion during home bleaching prompts questions about toxicity and carcinogenicity.
Conclusions:
- Further research is needed to clarify the mechanism of action and definitively establish the safety profile of hydrogen peroxide in vital tooth bleaching.
- Understanding the risks associated with free radical generation and oral ingestion is crucial for safe clinical application and patient guidance.
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