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High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles

High Resolution Physical Characterization of Single Metallic Nanoparticles

Published on: June 28, 2019

Experimentally and theoretically observed native pH shifts in a nanochannel array.

Danny Bottenus¹, Youn-Jin Oh, Sang M Han

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Washington State University, P.O. Box 642710, Pullman, WA 99164-2710, USA.

|December 25, 2008

Summary

Nanochannels in lab-on-a-chip devices exhibit pH shifts due to electrical double layers. This study quantifies these shifts and develops a model that accurately predicts them by considering molecule diffusion and binding within the nanochannel.

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Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Analytical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry

Background:

Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technology enables miniaturized chemical analysis.
Nanochannels exhibit unique phenomena like pH shifts due to electrical double layers.
Understanding these shifts is crucial for nanoscale LOC device applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally investigate and model pH shifts in nanochannels.
To correlate pH shifts with ionic strength in nanoscale environments.
To develop a predictive model for pH gradients in nanochannels.

Main Methods:

Utilized fluorescent pH indicators (SNARF-1 and fluorescein) for experimental measurements.
Employed Comsol Multiphysics for numerical simulations.
Coupled Nernst-Planck and Poisson equations for modeling ion transport and electric fields.
Incorporated chemical activity and surface interactions into simulations.

Main Results:

Observed significant pH shifts (up to 1 pH unit) at low ionic strengths (3 mM), decreasing to 0.1 pH units at high ionic strengths (150 mM).
A modified simulation model, accounting for molecule diffusion and binding in SiO2, quantitatively matched experimental data.
Initial models based solely on surface zeta-potential underestimated experimental pH shifts.

Conclusions:

Nanochannel pH shifts are a significant factor in LOC device performance.
Accurate modeling requires consideration of molecular interactions within the channel.
The developed model provides a quantitative tool for designing and optimizing nanoscale LOC systems.