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Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
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Packaging HIV- or FIV-based Lentivector Expression Constructs & Transduction of VSV-G Pseudotyped Viral Particles
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A charged performance by gp17 in viral packaging.

R Scott Williams1, Gareth J Williams, John A Tainer

  • 1The Scripps Research Institute, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

Cell
|December 27, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Viral genome packaging uses powerful motors to overcome nucleic acid compression forces. Structural analysis reveals the T4 bacteriophage packaging motor (gp17) uses electrostatic forces for alternating tensed and relaxed states during packaging.

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Area of Science:

  • Structural biology
  • Molecular motors
  • Virology

Background:

  • Viral genome packaging into capsids is an energy-intensive process.
  • High repulsive forces arise from compressing viral nucleic acids.
  • Powerful molecular motors are essential for efficient viral DNA packaging.

Discussion:

  • The T4 bacteriophage packaging motor (gp17) is a complex molecular machine.
  • Structural analyses provide insights into the motor's mechanism.
  • Electrostatic forces play a critical role in motor function.

Key Insights:

  • A novel packaging mechanism for the T4 bacteriophage motor is proposed.
  • The motor alternates between tensed and relaxed conformational states.
  • Electrostatic interactions drive the conformational changes during packaging.

Outlook:

  • Understanding viral motor mechanisms can inform antiviral strategies.
  • Further structural studies may reveal conserved principles in viral packaging.
  • This research contributes to the fundamental knowledge of molecular motor function.