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Related Concept Videos

Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Energetics of Solution Formation02:35

Energetics of Solution Formation

The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, which is a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Formation of the solution requires the solute–solute and solvent–solvent electrostatic forces to...
Entropy and Solvation02:05

Entropy and Solvation

The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ ≥ 15); an...
Assembly of Cytoskeletal Filaments01:18

Assembly of Cytoskeletal Filaments

Cytoskeletal filaments are polymeric forms of smaller protein subunits. However, individual cytoskeletal filaments may easily disassemble or associate with other similar filaments to form rigid structures. Microfilaments, made of actin monomers, rely on actin-binding proteins to form bundles and create networks of individual actin filaments. Microtubules rely on microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) to form sturdy cylindrical structures. However, the proteins involved in forming complex...
Solution Formation02:16

Solution Formation

There is no one solvent that can dissolve every type of solute. Some substances that readily dissolve in a certain solvent might be insoluble in a different solvent. A simple way to predict which substances dissolve in which solvent is the phrase "like dissolves like". This means that polar substances, such as salt and sugar, dissolve in a polar substance like water. In contrast, non-polar substances are more soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.
This selective solubility...
Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

Oligosaccharide Assembly

Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides
07:26

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

Published on: November 21, 2013

From solvolysis to self-assembly.

Peter J Stang1

  • 1University of Utah, Department of Chemistry, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA. stang@chem.utah.edu

The Journal of Organic Chemistry
|December 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This review covers forty years of research, from physical-organic chemistry and reactive intermediates to self-assembly and supramolecular chemistry. Key contributions include vinyl cations, carbenes, polyvalent iodine, and metal-ligand self-assembly.

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Exploration of classical physical-organic chemistry and solvolysis reactions.
  • Investigation of unsaturated reactive intermediates, including vinyl cations and unsaturated carbenes.
  • A decade of research focused on polyvalent iodine chemistry, particularly alkynyliodonium salts.

Discussion:

  • Transition from traditional organic chemistry to modern supramolecular chemistry.
  • Detailed discussion of contributions to the understanding of reactive intermediates.
  • Elaboration on the synthesis and applications of alkynyliodonium salts.

Key Insights:

  • Significant advancements in the field of unsaturated reactive intermediates.
  • Development of novel polyvalent iodine reagents.

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  • Successful application of metal-ligand interactions for directed self-assembly.

    • Outlook:

    • Future directions in self-assembly and supramolecular chemistry.
    • Potential applications of developed methodologies in materials science.
    • Continued exploration of reactive intermediates in complex systems.