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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Assessment of Cocaine-induced Behavioral Sensitization and Conditioned Place Preference in Mice
10:28

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Published on: February 18, 2016

Amphetamine-induced place preference in humans.

Emma Childs1, Harriet de Wit

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.

Biological Psychiatry
|December 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Humans develop a conditioned place preference for amphetamine, similar to animals. This preference is linked to the drug's mood-altering effects, highlighting subjective responses in drug conditioning.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • The conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure is a key animal model for studying drug reward.
  • Previous research has not established CPP in human subjects.
  • This study aimed to validate CPP in humans using amphetamine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if humans exhibit place preference after amphetamine exposure.
  • To explore the correlation between conditioned place preference and drug-induced mood changes.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-one healthy participants underwent a five-session procedure involving d-amphetamine (20 mg) or placebo.
  • Participants were divided into a paired group (amphetamine/placebo consistently in specific rooms) and an unpaired group.

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  • Mood was assessed via questionnaires, and room preference was rated in a final session.

    • Main Results:

    • The paired group showed a significantly higher preference for the amphetamine-associated room compared to the placebo room.
    • No significant room preference was observed in the unpaired group.
    • Positive drug-liking ratings predicted preference for the amphetamine room, while anxiety and dysphoria negatively predicted it.

    Conclusions:

    • Humans demonstrate a conditioned place preference for environments associated with amphetamine administration.
    • Subjective experiences and mood alterations during drug exposure are critical factors in establishing place conditioning in humans.