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Dynamical scaling exponents for polymer translocation through a nanopore.

Kaifu Luo1, Santtu T T Ollila, Ilkka Huopaniemi

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 1100, FIN-02015 TKK, Espoo, Finland.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|December 31, 2008
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Summary

This study reveals polymer translocation (PT) scaling exponents through nanopores using computer simulations. Results show distinct scaling behaviors in 2D and 3D, with driven PT exhibiting crossovers in 2D but not 3D.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Polymer translocation (PT) is crucial in biological processes and nanotechnology.
  • Understanding the scaling laws governing PT through nanopores is essential for controlling these processes.
  • Previous studies have explored various models, but comprehensive simulation data across dimensions and driving forces is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the scaling exponents of polymer translocation time and coordinate change through nanopores.
  • To investigate the influence of dimensionality (2D vs. 3D) and driving forces on PT scaling.
  • To compare simulation results with theoretical predictions.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive computer simulations of various microscopic polymer models.
  • Analysis of average translocation time (τ) scaling with chain length (N): τ ∝ N^α.
  • Analysis of mean-square displacement scaling with time: ∝ t^β.

Main Results:

  • For unbiased PT, scaling exponents α = 1+2ν and β = 2/α were found in 2D and 3D.
  • For driven PT in 2D, the relation αβ = 2 holds, with a crossover from α ≈ 2ν (short chains) to α ≈ 1+ν (long chains).
  • In 3D driven PT, this crossover is absent, yielding α = 1.42±0.01 and αβ ≈ 2.2 for long chains (N ≈ 40-800).

Conclusions:

  • The dimensionality and driving force significantly impact polymer translocation scaling exponents.
  • Simulation results provide valuable insights into the fundamental physics of polymer dynamics through confined geometries.
  • The findings offer a basis for designing and optimizing nanopore-based technologies for polymer manipulation.