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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 
Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents01:17

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents

Diarrhea, a condition marked by frequent loose or watery bowel movements, can be triggered by multiple factors such as viral or bacterial infections, food intolerances, anxiety, medications, and digestive disorders. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and cramping. Severe or prolonged diarrhea can lead to complications like electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, and dehydration if left untreated.
Opioids, widely used antidiarrheal agents, mitigate diarrhea by slowing down...
Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology

Peptic ulcer disease develops when protective mechanisms of the gastrointestinal mucosa are overwhelmed by harmful factors, leading to localized erosions in the stomach or proximal duodenum. The main causes are Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).Helicobacter pylori–Induced InjuryBacterial Adaptation and Colonization:H. pylori is a spiral, Gram-negative bacterium adapted to the acidic stomach. and transmitted through oral-oral or...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
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The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat
09:04

DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat

Published on: February 27, 2014

NSAIDs and the colon.

Angel Lanas1, Angel Ferrandez

  • 1Service of Digestive Diseases, University Hospital, CIBERehd IACS, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. alanas@unizar.es

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|December 31, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increase lower gastrointestinal complication risks. However, NSAIDs, particularly aspirin, may prevent colon cancer by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in specific populations.

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat
09:04

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Synthesis of a Borylated Ibuprofen Derivative Through Suzuki Cross-Coupling and Alkene Boracarboxylation Reactions
08:56

Synthesis of a Borylated Ibuprofen Derivative Through Suzuki Cross-Coupling and Alkene Boracarboxylation Reactions

Published on: November 30, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for pain and inflammation.
  • Their effects on the lower gastrointestinal tract and potential for cancer chemoprevention require further understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of NSAID effects on the colon.
  • To explore the role of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition in gastrointestinal complications and colorectal cancer prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological studies on NSAID-related hospitalizations.
  • Analysis of research on COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Examination of studies on aspirin chemoprevention of colorectal cancer.

Main Results:

  • NSAID use is linked to increased hospitalizations for lower gastrointestinal complications.
  • Proton-pump inhibitors do not reduce lower gastrointestinal complication hospitalizations.
  • COX-2 inhibition is a potential target for colon cancer chemoprevention, with long-term aspirin use showing risk reduction.

Conclusions:

  • NSAID use elevates the risk of lower gastrointestinal complications.
  • NSAIDs, especially aspirin derivatives targeting COX-2, show promise for colon cancer prevention in select individuals.