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Are normal and complicated grief different constructs? a confirmatory factor analytic test.

Let Dillen1, Johnny R J Fontaine, Leni Verhofstadt-Denève

  • 1Department of Personnel Management, Work and Organizational Psychology, Ghent University. Let.Dillen@UGent.be

Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy
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Summary

Complicated Grief (CG) and normal grief (NG) reactions are distinct, though yearning may overlap. This study differentiates CG and NG in young adults using established and revised criteria.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Mental Health

Background:

  • Debate exists on classifying Complicated Grief (CG) separately in diagnostic manuals.
  • Understanding the relationship between CG and normal grief (NG) is crucial for this classification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the structural distinctiveness between CG and NG reactions in bereaved young adults.
  • To test replicability of previous findings and assess the impact of revised CG criteria.

Main Methods:

  • Confirmatory factor analysis was used to compare models of NG and CG.
  • Data from 456 bereaved young adults (aged 17-25) were analyzed.
  • Two sets of criteria were applied: one based on prior research and one using revised CG criteria.

Main Results:

  • CG and NG reactions were found to be structurally distinct.
  • The only exception was the CG reaction of 'yearning', which loaded on both CG and NG factors.
  • Findings were consistent across both sets of criteria, including the revised CG criteria.

Conclusions:

  • CG and NG represent distinct grief reactions in young adults.
  • The 'yearning' component of CG may represent a shared aspect with normal grief.
  • The findings support the conceptual distinction of CG, even with revised diagnostic criteria.