Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 26, 2026
07:15
An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota
Published on: July 31, 2019
HAV in Isfahan province: a population-based study.
Behrooz Ataei1, Abass Ali Javadi, Zary Nokhodian
1Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Communical Social Medicine & Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Iran.
Tropical Gastroenterology : Official Journal of the Digestive Diseases Foundation
|January 1, 2009
Summary
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroprevalence in Iran
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Hepatitis A infection is caused by the Hepatitis A Virus (HAV).
- Improved sanitation has decreased Hepatitis A incidence globally.
- Epidemiological data on Hepatitis A in Iran is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the anti-HAV seroprevalence in Isfahan Province, Iran.
- To assess the current status of Hepatitis A infection in the region.
- To provide data for public health strategies regarding Hepatitis A.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2006.
- 816 individuals over 6 years old from urban and rural Isfahan were selected.
- Multi-stage cluster sampling, ELISA for anti-HAV antibodies, and statistical analyses were employed.
Main Results:
- The overall anti-HAV seroprevalence was 8.33%.
- Significant geographical variations in seropositivity were observed, with Borkhar and Meimeh showing the highest rate (28.6%).
- No significant association was found between HAV seropositivity and demographic factors.
Conclusions:
- Hepatitis A seroprevalence in Isfahan is relatively low, likely due to improved sanitary conditions.
- Further studies across Iran are necessary to inform vaccination and post-exposure prophylaxis strategies.
- The findings suggest a need for regional surveillance and targeted interventions.
Related Concept Videos
00:57Population Growth
Population size is dynamic, increasing with birth rates and immigration, and decreasing with death rates and emigration. In ideal conditions with unlimited resources, populations can increase exponentially, which plots as a J-shaped growth rate curve of population size against time. This type of curve is characteristic of newly-introduced invasive species, or populations that have suffered catastrophic declines and are rebounding.However, realistic environmental conditions limit the number of...
01:26Estimating Population Standard Deviation
When the population standard deviation is unknown and the sample size is large, the sample standard deviation s is commonly used as a point estimate of σ. However, it can sometimes under or overestimate the population standard deviation. To overcome this drawback, confidence intervals are determined to estimate population parameters and eliminate any calculation bias accurately. However, this only applies to random samples from normally distributed populations. Knowing the sample mean and...
01:08Data Collection by Observations
Data collection refers to a systematic way of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. Observational studies are one of the most widely used methods of data collection. It involves collecting data by observing the behavior and physical characteristics of a sample without making any modifications to the sample.
An astronomer viewing the motion and brightness of stars in the sky and recording the data is an example of observational data collection. A botanist recording...
An astronomer viewing the motion and brightness of stars in the sky and recording the data is an example of observational data collection. A botanist recording...
01:20Sample Proportion and Population Proportion
Collecting samples or responses from an entire population takes significant time and effort, so a researcher collects responses from only a sample of that population. Suppose a study needs to collect information about a specific mobile application. After sample collection, the researcher analyzes the data and discovers that most individuals in the sample use that specific mobile application. The sample proportion measures the number of individuals in a sample who either use or don't use the...
01:26Distributions to Estimate Population Parameter
The accurate values of population parameters such as population proportion, population mean, and population standard deviation (or variance) are usually unknown. These are fixed values that can only be estimated from the data collected from the samples. The estimates of each of these parameters are sample proportion, the sample mean, and sample standard deviation (or variance). To obtain the values of these sample statistics, data are required that have particular distribution and central...
01:24Testing a Claim about Population Proportion
A complete procedure for testing a claim about a population proportion is provided here.
There are two methods of testing a claim about a population proportion: (1) Using the sample proportion from the data where a binomial distribution is approximated to the normal distribution and (2) Using the binomial probabilities calculated from the data.
The first method uses normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution. The requirements are as follows: sample size is large...
There are two methods of testing a claim about a population proportion: (1) Using the sample proportion from the data where a binomial distribution is approximated to the normal distribution and (2) Using the binomial probabilities calculated from the data.
The first method uses normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution. The requirements are as follows: sample size is large...