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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

5.7K
Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
5.7K
Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

4.2K
A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
4.2K
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

4.5K
Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
4.5K
Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

5.3K
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
5.3K
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

5.8K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
5.8K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

6.6K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
6.6K

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Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Isolation and Characterization of a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Subpopulation Having Stem Cell Characteristics
11:28

Isolation and Characterization of a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Subpopulation Having Stem Cell Characteristics

Published on: May 11, 2016

8.9K

PTEN, stem cells, and cancer stem cells.

Reginald Hill1, Hong Wu

  • 1Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. rhill@mednet.ucla.edu

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|January 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Cancer stem cells share self-renewal and differentiation abilities with normal stem cells. PTEN loss is critical for cancer stem cell development and tumorigenesis, impacting WNT, SHH, and NOTCH pathways.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cancer stem cells (CSCs) possess self-renewal and differentiation capabilities, similar to normal stem cells.
  • Key intracellular signaling pathways like WNT, SHH, and NOTCH regulate stem cell function and are implicated in tumorigenesis.
  • Recent findings highlight the critical role of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue) in maintaining stem cell populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of PTEN in stem cell maintenance.
  • To investigate the connection between PTEN loss and the development of cancer stem cells.
  • To understand the implications of PTEN in tumorigenesis.

Main Methods:

  • This study focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying stem cell regulation and cancer development.

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Last Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Isolation and Characterization of a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Subpopulation Having Stem Cell Characteristics
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Isolation and Characterization of a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Subpopulation Having Stem Cell Characteristics

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Studying Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics for Developing New Treatment Strategies

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Isolation of Stem Cells from Human Pancreatic Cancer Xenografts
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Isolation of Stem Cells from Human Pancreatic Cancer Xenografts

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  • Analysis involves examining the function of intracellular signaling pathways (WNT, SHH, NOTCH) and PTEN in cellular processes.
  • The research integrates concepts from stem cell biology and cancer research.

    • Main Results:

    • PTEN is identified as a crucial factor for normal stem cell maintenance.
    • Loss of PTEN function directly contributes to the generation of cancer stem cells.
    • Alterations in PTEN are linked to the progression of tumorigenesis.

    Conclusions:

    • PTEN plays a vital role in preventing the development of cancer stem cells.
    • PTEN loss is a significant driver of tumorigenesis by promoting CSC formation.
    • Targeting PTEN may offer therapeutic strategies for cancers driven by CSCs.