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Related Concept Videos

Integrins01:10

Integrins

Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
Activation of Integrins01:15

Activation of Integrins

Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding events provide an effective stimulus.
Selectins01:25

Selectins

Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...

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Intravital Imaging of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes in Murine Small Intestine
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Integrins in immunity.

Rachel Evans1, Irene Patzak, Lena Svensson

  • 1Leukocyte Adhesion Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK.

Journal of Cell Science
|January 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immune cells, or leukocytes, rapidly migrate and interact using integrins like LFA-1. This commentary details integrin-mediated cell movement and interactions crucial for immune responses.

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Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes
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Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes
09:14

Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes

Published on: June 13, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Immune responses rely on leukocyte (immune cell) migration.
  • Leukocyte movement and cell-cell interactions are vital for immunity.
  • Integrins, particularly LFA-1, are key regulators of leukocyte function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain integrin-mediated immune cell migration and interactions.
  • To provide a cell-biology perspective on leukocyte behavior.
  • To highlight the role of LFA-1 in immune cell dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of cell biology principles governing integrin function.
  • Analysis of leukocyte migration mechanisms.
  • Discussion of cell-cell contact dynamics in immune responses.

Main Results:

  • Integrins, especially LFA-1, are critical for rapid leukocyte migration.
  • LFA-1 controls the ability of immune cells to penetrate tissues.
  • Integrin activity dictates immune cell interactions during immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding integrin function, particularly LFA-1, is essential for comprehending immune cell behavior.
  • Integrin-mediated processes are fundamental to successful immune responses.
  • This commentary offers insights into the biophysical regulation of immune cell migration and interaction.