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Effects of Sunday sales restrictions on overall and day-specific alcohol consumption: evidence from Canada
Christopher S Carpenter1, Daniel Eisenberg
1Department of Economics/Public Policy, The Paul Merage School of Business, 428 SB, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-3125, USA. kittc@uci.edu
Objective:
The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of Sunday alcohol-sales policies on day-specific and overall alcohol consumption.
Method:
Individual-level data on overall and day-specific alcohol consumption from Canada's National Population Health Surveys, 1994-1999, were linked to province-level policy variation in whether a Sunday sales restriction was present. We compared individuals in provinces with sales restrictions with those in provinces without such restrictions, and we estimated models of day-specific and overall alcohol consumption. We used a standard cross-section model as well as a quasi-experimental approach that relied on Ontario's liberalization of Sunday sales in 1997.
Results:
Sunday sales were associated with a significant increase in drinking on Sundays of 7% to 15%. We found evidence of substitution away from drinking on Saturdays and no evidence for increases in overall drinking.
Conclusions:
Our results suggest that repealing Sunday sales prohibitions is unlikely to result in increased overall alcohol consumption, although such liberalization may change the within-week distribution.
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