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Related Concept Videos

Actuarial Approach01:20

Actuarial Approach

The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure01:10

Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure

Accurate blood pressure assessment is crucial for diagnosing and managing various health conditions. To ensure the reliability of these measurements, healthcare professionals must adhere to standardized pre-procedural guidelines. These guidelines enhance patient safety and improve the overall quality of healthcare. The following steps are essential for obtaining accurate and consistent blood pressure readings, from using the appropriate tools to ensuring effective communication with the patient.
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...
Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
SBAR II: Application of SBAR01:14

SBAR II: Application of SBAR

SBAR is an effective communication tool used by healthcare professionals to communicate patient information accurately. SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. For a better understanding, an example is given below.
SBAR Report from a Nurse to a Health Care Provider
S: "Hello, Dr. Smith. This is Jane, RN, from the Med Surg unit. I am calling to tell you about Ms. White in Room 210, who is experiencing increased pain and redness at her incision site. Her recent...
Conservative Forces01:03

Conservative Forces

Conservative forces are an essential concept in the field of mechanical engineering. Understanding the properties and characteristics of these forces is crucial to the design and analysis of mechanical systems.
Conservative forces are forces that are dependent only on the initial and final positions of an object and that are independent of the path that the object takes between these positions. These forces conserve energy, which means that the work done by the force is independent of the path...

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Cardiac Loading using Passive Left Atrial Pressurization and Passive Afterload for Graft Assessment
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Published on: August 2, 2024

Underwriting the presidents.

Robert M Shavelle1, Scott J Kush, David R Paculdo

  • 1Life Expectancy Project, 1439 - 17th Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94122-3402, USA. Shavelle@Life.Expectancy.org

Journal of Insurance Medicine (New York, N.Y.)
|January 6, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

US presidents elected in certain periods had better survival rates, while others faced increased mortality, especially during their time in office. This study analyzes presidential longevity compared to their contemporaries.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Political Science
  • Historical Epidemiology

Background:

  • The lifespan of US presidents is a subject of interest, with potential implications for public health and historical analysis.
  • Understanding factors influencing presidential longevity can provide insights into the health risks associated with high-profile public service.

Observation:

  • This study analyzed the survival data of all 43 United States presidents.
  • Comparative analysis was conducted against contemporary populations to assess longevity differences.

Findings:

  • Presidents elected between 1789-1841 and 1933-2001 exhibited improved survival rates (Standardized Mortality Ratios [SMRs] of 0.7 and 0.6).
  • Conversely, presidents elected from 1845-1929 showed significantly worse survival (SMR = 2.9).
  • An increased mortality risk was observed during years in office (SMR = 1.4), but no elevated risk was found after leaving office (SMR = 1.0).

Implications:

  • Presidential election periods correlate with distinct survival outcomes, suggesting societal or occupational factors at play.
  • The presidency itself appears to carry a mortality risk, particularly during the term of service.
  • Further research could explore specific environmental, occupational, or lifestyle factors contributing to these observed survival disparities.