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Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...

Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines

Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines

Antihistamines are a class of drugs widely used to alleviate the symptoms of allergies, such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion. They work by inhibiting the actions of histamine, which is released by immune cells in response to allergenic substances or tissue injuries.
Histamine binds to specific receptor sites, known as H1 receptors, on tissue cells, triggering inflammation and swelling. Antihistamines combat these effects by competing with histamine for these receptor sites. By...

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...

Antibody Structure

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...

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Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Allergic Rhinitis

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Antibiotics for the allergist: part 1.

Mark S La Shell¹, Michael S Tankersley

¹Department of Allergy and Immunology, Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas 78236, USA. mark.lashell@lackland.af.mil

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology

|January 6, 2009

Summary

Antibiotic use in allergy practice is evolving, with novel macrolide antibiotic therapies under investigation. Understanding microbiology and resistance patterns is crucial for appropriate antibiotic selection in allergy treatment.

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A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

Published on: June 4, 2017

Area of Science:

Allergy and Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Pharmacology

Background:

Antibiotics have historically been primary treatments for numerous conditions.
Current trends indicate a shift away from immediate antibiotic prescription for some disorders.
Non-bacterial causes of inflammation are receiving increased attention.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current antibiotic use and selection strategies.
To examine antibiotic applications for common allergy practice disorders.
To highlight evolving therapeutic approaches and resistance patterns.

Main Methods:

Conducted comprehensive MEDLINE searches using keywords: antibiotic, antimicrobial, management, treatment.
Cross-referenced terms with common allergy practice disorders.
Reviewed bibliographies of selected relevant articles.

Main Results:

Extensive research exists on both traditional and new antibiotic applications.
Antibiotic necessity is debated for certain conditions.
Macrolide antibiotics are being explored for novel therapeutic uses.
Microbial resistance patterns are continuously changing.

Conclusions:

The traditional role of antibiotics as first-line allergy treatments is being re-evaluated.
Observational periods and investigation into non-bacterial inflammation are gaining prominence.
Judicious antibiotic selection remains vital, requiring knowledge of microbiology and resistance trends.