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Saliva, Salivary Gland, and Hemolymph Collection from Ixodes scapularis Ticks

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Published on: February 21, 2012

Immunization with tick salivary gland extracts.

Sathaporn Jittapalapong¹, Thanmaporn Phichitrasilp, Hathairat Chanphao

¹Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

|January 6, 2009

Summary

Cattle immunization with tick salivary gland extracts (TSGE) damages tick salivary glands. This damage in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks correlates with fewer tick-borne diseases in immunized cattle.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Entomology
Immunology
Parasitology

Background:

Ticks transmit numerous pathogens, causing significant damage to hosts.
Tick salivary glands are crucial for pathogen transmission.
Previous studies showed reduced tick-borne diseases in cattle immunized with tick salivary gland extracts (TSGE).

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the salivary gland ultrastructure of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks from TSGE-immunized cattle versus control cattle.
To investigate the impact of host immunization on tick salivary gland integrity.

Main Methods:

Female Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks were collected from cattle immunized with TSGE or saline.
Salivary glands were examined using light microscopy.
Ultrastructural changes, including necrosis, were assessed in different cell types.

Main Results:

Ticks from TSGE-immunized cattle exhibited more extensive salivary gland damage compared to controls.
Specific cell types (agranular c, f; granular b, c, e; a, d) showed varying degrees of necrosis.
Significant detrimental effects on tick salivary glands were observed.

Conclusions:

Host immunization with TSGE induces significant damage to female tick salivary glands.
This salivary gland damage is a likely mechanism contributing to the reduced incidence of tick-borne diseases in immunized cattle.