Varicocele complicating spontaneous arteriovenous fistula

We describe herein a rare case of a varicocele complicating spontaneous arteriovenous fistula. A 40-year-old man was referred to our hospital in November 2006, complaining of a non-tender mass in the left scrotum at the age of 15 and thereafter. On examination, his left scrotum revealed a large varicocele, but no manifest superficial thrill was noted. Scrotal ultrasonograpy revealed approximately 7 cm large varicocele. Computed tomography angiography revealed the existence of an arteriovenous fistula between the left testicular artery and the veins of the left pampiniform plexus. We laparoscopically carried out internal spermatic vessels ligation under the diagnosis of a varicocele complicating a spontaneous arteriovenous fistula. The postoperative course was uneventful. At 18 months postoperatively, the varicocele and fistula had not recurred.