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Parenting and Child Externalizing Behaviors: Are the Associations Specific or Diffuse?

Laura McKee¹, Christina Colletti, Aaron Rakow

¹University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States.

Aggression and Violent Behavior

|January 6, 2009

Summary

Behavioral parent training helps with child externalizing problems. However, research shows parenting behaviors like warmth, hostility, and control may not specifically target externalizing issues, affecting internalizing problems too.

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Area of Science:

Child Psychology
Developmental Psychology
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Inadequate parenting is linked to child noncompliance, aggression, and oppositionality.
Behavioral parent training (BPT) is a recognized treatment for childhood externalizing problems.
Limited research explores if BPT specifically targets externalizing issues or broadly impacts internalizing and externalizing problems.

Purpose of the Study:

To review existing literature on the specificity of parenting behaviors and child externalizing problems.
To examine the association between parental warmth, hostility, and control with child externalizing versus internalizing problems.
To assess whether parenting's impact is specific to externalizing behaviors or more diffuse.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of prior research.
Analysis of studies examining the relationship between three specific parenting behaviors (warmth, hostility, control) and child behavioral problems.
Inclusion of general parenting literature and studies within the context of parental depression.

Main Results:

Limited empirical evidence supports the specificity of parenting behaviors for child externalizing problems.
Parenting behaviors appear to have more diffuse effects, potentially influencing both internalizing and externalizing problems.
Findings were consistent across general parenting literature and in families with parental depression.

Conclusions:

The specificity of parenting interventions for child externalizing problems requires further investigation.
Parenting interventions may need to consider broader impacts on child psychopathology, including internalizing symptoms.
Future research should explore the nuanced relationship between parenting and diverse child behavioral outcomes.