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Related Concept Videos

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...

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Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
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Published on: July 5, 2021

Intracranial lesions mimicking neoplasms.

Clare H Cunliffe1, Ingeborg Fischer, David Monoky

  • 1Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. clare@drcunliffe.com

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
|January 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Nonneoplastic brain conditions can mimic tumors, leading to misdiagnosis. Recognizing these mimics is crucial for accurate pathology and patient care.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropathology
  • Neuroradiology
  • Differential Diagnosis

Background:

  • A wide range of nonneoplastic conditions can present with clinical and radiological features similar to brain tumors.
  • These mimics span various etiologies including infections, demyelinating diseases, vascular abnormalities, inflammatory disorders, and iatrogenic causes.
  • Such conditions pose diagnostic challenges for clinicians and pathologists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To illustrate the key radiologic and pathologic features of intracranial lesions that are not tumors but can mimic neoplasia.
  • To highlight potential diagnostic pitfalls in the evaluation of brain lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of case-derived material.
  • Comprehensive literature review of nonneoplastic intracranial lesions mimicking tumors.

Main Results:

  • Nonneoplastic lesions across diverse categories (infection, demyelination, vascular, inflammatory, iatrogenic) can radiologically resemble primary or metastatic brain tumors.
  • These mimics can lead to unnecessary biopsies or resections if not correctly identified.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate differentiation of nonneoplastic mimics from true neoplasms is essential for appropriate patient management.
  • Pathologists play a critical role in diagnosing these entities.
  • Awareness of these mimickers aids in avoiding diagnostic errors and ensures correct treatment strategies.