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Comparative Lesions Analysis Through a Targeted Sequencing Approach

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Published on: November 5, 2019

How does a pathologist make a diagnosis?

Gil Patrus Pena¹, José de Souza Andrade-Filho

¹Servico de Anatomia Patologica, Hospital Felicio Rocho, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. gilpena@gold.com.br

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine

|January 7, 2009

Summary

This study proposes a model for pathologic diagnosis, outlining cognitive, communicative, normative, and medical conduct domains. This framework aids in understanding diagnostic variations and improving pathology training.

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Area of Science:

Pathology
Medical Diagnostics

Background:

Pathologic diagnosis is a complex process rarely discussed in depth.
Existing educational models rely on apprenticeship, lacking a structured theoretical framework.
A lack of a formal model hinders objective discussions on diagnostic processes and variations.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a comprehensive model for the pathologic diagnostic process.
To provide a theoretical framework for understanding diagnostic activities.
To enhance pathology education and identify areas for improvement.

Main Methods:

A conceptual model is proposed, integrating four key domains: cognitive, communicative, normative, and medical conduct.
The cognitive domain includes perception, attention, memory, hypothesis generation, and verification.
Communicative, normative (technical, rational, consensual rules), and medical conduct aspects are also detailed.

Main Results:

The proposed model views diagnosis as an action plan with distinct domains.
Cognitive processes are detailed, alongside communication skills for supporting conclusions.
The model incorporates technical, rational, and peer-consensus rules, and evaluates diagnosis within medical conduct.

Conclusions:

Understanding the diagnostic process theoretically benefits pathology as a science and specialty.
The model facilitates analysis of diagnostic variations and errors, enabling targeted remedies.
This framework can enhance pathology training by focusing on specific skill development.