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Retinoids as modulators of tumor cells invasion and metastasis
1Department of Tumor Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston 77030.
Abstract:
Retinoids, natural and synthetic analogues of vitamin A, have demonstrated promising results in pre-clinical and clinical trials of cancer prevention and therapy. This chapter reviews the ability of retinoids to suppress tumor growth and metastasis in vivo and to inhibit invasion in vitro. The mechanisms of these effects include suppression of growth and enhancement of differentiation of malignant cells, inhibition of their ability to produce degradative enzymes required for invasion, suppression of migration, inhibition of neovascularization, and augmentation of host anti-tumor immune responses.
Insights
Retinoids, vitamin A analogues, show potential in cancer prevention and therapy by suppressing tumor growth and metastasis. They work by enhancing cell differentiation, inhibiting invasion, and boosting anti-tumor immunity.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Retinoids are vitamin A derivatives with established roles in cell biology.
- Pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest retinoids possess anti-cancer properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the anti-cancer effects of retinoids.
- To elucidate the mechanisms by which retinoids inhibit tumor growth, metastasis, and invasion.
Main Methods:
- Review of pre-clinical and clinical trial data.
- In vitro and in vivo experimental findings on retinoid action.
Main Results:
- Retinoids suppress malignant cell proliferation and enhance differentiation.
- Retinoids inhibit cancer cell invasion by reducing degradative enzyme production.
- Retinoids impede metastasis through reduced migration and neovascularization.
- Retinoids augment host anti-tumor immune responses.
Conclusions:
- Retinoids demonstrate significant potential for cancer prevention and therapy.
- Multiple mechanisms underlie the anti-neoplastic effects of retinoids.