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Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...
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Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...
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Modeling Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus of Prematurity in Rats
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New daily persistent headache in the paediatric population.

E Kung1, S J Tepper, A M Rapoport

  • 1Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.

Cephalalgia : an International Journal of Headache
|January 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary

New daily persistent headaches (NDPH) are common in children and adolescents with chronic daily headaches (CDH). Most patients do not overuse medication, and migraine features are frequently observed in these cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Headache Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic daily headaches (CDH) pose a significant challenge in pediatric populations.
  • Understanding the specific clinical features of new-onset CDH is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical characteristics of new-onset chronic daily headaches (CDH) in children and adolescents.
  • To investigate the prevalence of medication overuse and migraine features in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A clinic-based study reviewed clinical records and headache diaries of 306 children and adolescents.
  • 187 individuals with CDH were identified and analyzed using modified ICHD-2 criteria for new daily persistent headaches (NDPH).

Main Results:

  • New daily persistent headaches (NDPH) were common in children and adolescents with CDH.
  • Most patients (91.8%) with NDPH did not overuse medication.
  • Migraine features were present in individuals with NDPH on an average of 18.5 days per month.

Conclusions:

  • New daily persistent headaches (NDPH) are a frequent diagnosis in pediatric CDH.
  • Medication overuse is uncommon in pediatric NDPH.
  • Migraine features are a common comorbidity in pediatric NDPH.