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Related Concept Videos

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

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As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
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The dynamic modulus of elasticity assesses how a concrete structure deforms under impact or dynamic loads. It is typically higher than the static modulus of elasticity, measured under slow, steady loading conditions.
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Shearing Strain

The shearing strain represents a cubic element's angular change when subjected to shearing stress. This type of stress can transform a cube into an oblique parallelepiped without influencing normal strains. The cubic element experiences a significant transformation when exposed solely to shearing stress. Its shape alters from a perfect cube into a rhomboid, clearly demonstrating the effect of shearing strain. The degree of this strain is considered positive if it reduces the angle between the...
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The quantity that describes the deformation of a body under stress is known as strain. Strain is given as a fractional change in either length, volume, or geometry under tensile, volume (also known as bulk), or shear stress, respectively, and is a dimensionless quantity. The strain experienced by a body under tensile or compressive stress is called tensile or compressive strain, respectively. In contrast, the strain experienced under bulk stress and shear stress is known as volume and shear...
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Strain quantifies the deformation of a material under force, typically measured as normal strain, which represents the change in length when compared with the original length. Electrical strain gauges are used for enhanced accuracy. These devices consist of a conductive wire mounted on a paper backing that adheres to the material's surface. These gauges operate on the piezoresistive effect, where the wire's electrical resistance changes in response to mechanical deformation. The strain gauge...

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Studying Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Response of Soft Materials
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Effective lateral modulations with applications to shear modulus reconstruction using displacement vector

Chikayoshi Sumi1, Toshinori Noro, Atsushi Tanuma

  • 1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan. c-sumi@sophia.ac.jp

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
|January 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Improved ultrasound methods enhance motion measurement accuracy. New parabolic and Hanning apodizations increase signal-to-noise ratio and lateral resolution for precise displacement vector and shear modulus reconstruction.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Ultrasound Technology

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of target motion is crucial in ultrasound imaging.
  • Existing methods like the lateral Gaussian envelope cosine modulation method (LGECMM) have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To improve the accuracy of displacement vector measurements in ultrasound.
  • To enhance the lateral spatial resolution and echo signal-to-noise ratio.
  • To apply improved methods for shear modulus reconstruction.

Main Methods:

  • Modified LGECMM using parabolic and Hanning apodizations.
  • Simultaneous axial and lateral displacement measurements using the multidimensional autocorrelation method (MAM).
  • Direct inversion approach for 2-D shear modulus reconstruction.

Main Results:

  • Parabolic and Hanning apodizations reduced effective aperture length.
  • Achieved higher accuracy in displacement vector measurements compared to LGECMM.
  • Stable and accurate 2-D shear modulus reconstructions were performed on an agar phantom.

Conclusions:

  • The improved LGECMM offers superior performance for motion measurement.
  • The enhanced methods provide more accurate ultrasound-based biomechanical property estimations.
  • This advancement has practical applications in ultrasound diagnostics and research.