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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

The Use of Trace Eyeblink Classical Conditioning to Assess Hippocampal Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

The Use of Trace Eyeblink Classical Conditioning to Assess Hippocampal Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Published on: August 5, 2017

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.

Raghavendra Bheemappa Nayak¹, Pratima Murthy

¹Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 29, India. rbn.psych@gmail.com

Indian Pediatrics

|January 9, 2009

Summary

Maternal alcohol use during pregnancy can cause fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), leading to developmental and behavioral issues in children. Complete abstinence from alcohol is crucial for pregnant women or those planning pregnancy due to unknown safe limits.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Pediatrics
Public Health

Background:

Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy is a leading cause of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD).
FASD encompasses a range of physical, cognitive, and behavioral deficits in children.
Alcohol's neurotoxicity during development contributes to lifelong intellectual and behavioral challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current understanding of FASD, including prevalence, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and diagnostic approaches.
To emphasize the importance of physician awareness regarding FASD.
To highlight the need for preventative strategies against FASD.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search using keywords such as "fetal alcohol syndrome" and "fetal alcohol spectrum disorders."
Databases searched included EBSCO, OVID, Science Direct, PubMed, and NIAAA.
Review of relevant articles to synthesize current knowledge on FASD.

Main Results:

FASD presents a spectrum of neurodevelopmental deficits resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure.
Physical features are characteristic of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) but not always present in all FASD cases.
Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) can occur without distinct physical features.

Conclusions:

Prenatal alcohol exposure can lead to a wide range of developmental deficits.
Neurocognitive and behavioral issues may exist even without the typical physical signs of FAS.
Complete abstinence from alcohol is strongly recommended for pregnant women and those planning pregnancy due to the absence of a safe consumption threshold.