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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
Ureters01:22

Ureters

The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
06:39

Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Published on: November 22, 2019

[Urethral duplication with giant calculus. Case report].

Miguel Angel Ramírez-Ortega1, Octavio Gamez-Torres

  • 1Anestesiólogo, Hospital General de Zona 23, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hidalgo del Parral, Chihuahua, México. bibliomedcds.chih23z@imss.gob.mx

Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social
|January 10, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of urethral duplication in a male patient led to a giant bladder calculus. Surgical removal was successful, highlighting the need to suspect malformations when encountering such stones.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Congenital Anomalies
  • Nephrolithiasis

Background:

  • Urethral duplication is a rare congenital anomaly.
  • This case involves a male patient with urethral duplication and a giant calculus in the accessory urethra.

Observation:

  • A 23-year-old male presented with pelvic pain, penile edema, and urinary symptoms.
  • Urethrography and cystoscopy revealed Type IIB urethral duplication (Effman classification) with a blind-ending accessory urethra.
  • A large, 3x2 cm calculus was found within the accessory urethra.

Findings:

  • The giant calculus was successfully removed surgically.
  • The patient experienced a satisfactory recovery post-surgery.
  • No surgical correction of the urethral duplication was performed.

Implications:

  • Giant urethral calculi should prompt suspicion of underlying structural malformations.
  • Urinary stasis, common in urethral duplications, is a likely etiological factor for calculus formation.
  • Individualized surgical treatment is crucial for managing urethral duplication anomalies.