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Related Concept Videos

Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps01:19

Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps

The pre-procedure steps of handwashing include removing jewelry and rolling up sleeves. However, many organizations allow staff to wear wedding rings.
The hand washing procedure itself includes the following steps. First, cover cuts, if any, on hands with a waterproof dressing. Cuts and abrasions can become contaminated with bacteria hindering the ability to clean the area thoroughly. In addition, repeated hand washing can worsen an injury.  The nails must be short and clean, without nail paint...
Handwashing III: During the Procedure and Post-Procedure Steps01:15

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To wash hands properly, follow these steps:
PPE Use in Healthcare Settings II: Doffing01:10

PPE Use in Healthcare Settings II: Doffing

The sequence of removing or doffing PPE starts with the gloves, as they are the most contaminated. Next is removal of the face shield or goggles, as they would interfere with removing other PPE. Then remove the gown, followed by the mask or respirator. Perform hand hygiene between steps if hands become contaminated and immediately after removing all PPE. Generally, the outside front and sleeves of the isolation gown, the goggles or the mask, the respirator, and the face shield are contaminated.
Handwashing I: Introduction and Types of Equipment01:18

Handwashing I: Introduction and Types of Equipment

Handwashing is hand hygiene with plain or antimicrobial soap and water to physically remove dirt, organic material, and microorganisms. However, it may not kill all microorganisms. The handwashing procedure requires a hand wash basin, liquid soap, paper towels, a domestic waste bin, and disposable nail cleaner as optional equipment.
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

A Standardized Procedure of Dressing Management for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
07:22

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Published on: March 14, 2025

Contact dermatitis in the bowling pro shop.

Antoine Amado1, James S Taylor

  • 1Section of Industrial Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Dermatitis : Contact, Atopic, Occupational, Drug
|January 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary

A bowling pro shop operator developed allergic contact dermatitis from epoxy resin. This case highlights a rare occupational allergy in the bowling industry.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction.
  • Epoxy resins are widely used in adhesives, coatings, and composites, posing potential occupational hazards.

Observation:

  • A 29-year-old male bowling pro shop operator presented with recurrent erythematous and edematous skin patches and plaques.
  • The patient's occupation involves handling bowling equipment, which may contain epoxy resins.

Findings:

  • Patch testing revealed positive reactions to epoxy resin (2+ at 2 days, 1+ at 7 days).
  • This is the first reported case of epoxy resin contact allergy specifically in a bowling pro shop operator.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering occupational exposures in diagnosing contact dermatitis.

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  • Awareness of epoxy resin allergy is crucial for protecting workers in specialized industries like bowling.
  • Further investigation into specific product formulations in bowling pro shops may be warranted.