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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Common Respiratory Disorders

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
14:39

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Published on: November 4, 2010

Acute bronchiolitis and croup.

Mark L Everard1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK. m.l.everard@sheffield.ac.uk

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|January 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Corticosteroids effectively treat croup, while nebulized adrenaline offers temporary relief. For acute bronchiolitis, oxygen is the only proven treatment for hypoxia, though clear diagnostic criteria remain elusive.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
14:39

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Published on: November 4, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Croup and acute bronchiolitis are common viral respiratory illnesses in young children.
  • Corticosteroids show efficacy in managing croup severity and symptoms.
  • Nebulized adrenaline provides temporary symptomatic relief for croup.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review therapeutic interventions for croup and acute bronchiolitis.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of corticosteroids and nebulized adrenaline.
  • To identify evidence-based treatments for viral respiratory diseases in infancy and early childhood.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on therapeutic interventions.
  • Analysis of studies on corticosteroid and nebulized adrenaline efficacy.
  • Assessment of pharmacological agents for hypoxia correction.

Main Results:

  • Corticosteroids significantly improve disease severity and symptoms in croup.
  • Nebulized adrenaline offers short-term symptomatic benefit in croup.
  • Oxygen is the sole effective pharmacological agent for correcting hypoxia in acute bronchiolitis.
  • A lack of clear diagnostic criteria hinders the review of acute bronchiolitis treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Corticosteroids are a key treatment for croup.
  • Management of acute bronchiolitis is limited, with oxygen being the primary intervention for hypoxia.
  • Further research is needed to establish clear diagnostic standards and effective treatments for acute bronchiolitis.