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Related Concept Videos

Staphylococcal Skin Infections01:29

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...
Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies. Common...
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
Asepsis01:28

Asepsis

The condition of being free from disease-causing living pathogens is asepsis. Aseptic techniques include a set of standard practices to achieve asepsis. An example is the regular environmental cleaning of all parts of the healthcare facility and hand hygiene at home before preparing or eating food. Medical and surgical asepsis in healthcare practice protects patients from harmful pathogens, minimizes the risk of contamination of susceptible sites, and reduces the risk of infection transmission.
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
Streptococcal Pharyngitis01:27

Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Streptococcal pharyngitis, commonly known as “strep throat,” is an acute infection of the oropharyngeal tissues caused by the Gram‑positive Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes). Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, or talking.Mechanisms of Host Entry and Immune EvasionUpon entering the host, S. pyogenes adheres to the mucosal epithelial cells of the pharynx via surface proteins, notably lipoteichoic acid and the antiphagocytic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
12:18

Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

Published on: February 9, 2011

Staphylococcal surgical site infections.

Deverick J Anderson1, Keith S Kaye

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC Box 3605, Durham, NC 27710, USA. dja@duke.edu

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
|January 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Surgical site infections (SSI) caused by Staphylococcus aureus, particularly methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA), increase mortality and healthcare costs. Prevention focuses on risk factors and appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis, though decolonization strategies remain debated.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
12:18

Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

Published on: February 9, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Surgical Outcomes
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Staphylococcus aureus is a primary cause of surgical site infections (SSI) in the US.
  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) significantly elevates SSI-related mortality, hospital stays, and costs.
  • Effective prevention of S aureus SSI is critical for patient outcomes and healthcare resource management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and highlight effective strategies for preventing Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA surgical site infections.
  • To discuss the evidence supporting current prevention methods and identify areas of ongoing debate.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA SSI prevention.
  • Analysis of established and emerging strategies, including risk factor modification, antimicrobial prophylaxis, and decolonization.
  • Evaluation of the clinical and economic impact of S aureus and MRSA SSI.

Main Results:

  • Modifiable risk factor management and optimal antimicrobial prophylaxis are proven SSI prevention methods.
  • Decolonization protocols and vancomycin use for S aureus SSI prevention are subjects of ongoing research and debate.
  • MRSA SSI contributes substantially to adverse patient outcomes and increased healthcare expenditures.

Conclusions:

  • Implementing evidence-based prevention strategies is essential for reducing the burden of S aureus and MRSA SSI.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the role of decolonization and specific antimicrobial agents in S aureus SSI prevention.
  • Addressing S aureus and MRSA in surgical settings requires a multifaceted approach combining prophylaxis and risk reduction.