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Obesity

Obesity

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...

Regulation of Food Intake

Regulation of Food Intake

Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report

Published on: May 30, 2025

Obesity research in the next decade.

¹Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. robert.eckel@uchsc.edu

International Journal of Obesity (2005)

|January 13, 2009

Summary

Prioritizing obesity research is crucial. Key areas include body weight regulation, epigenetic energy balance mechanisms, and obesity prevention through translational, bi-directional studies.

Area of Science:

Obesity research
Translational science
Energy balance

Background:

The global obesity epidemic necessitates focused research.
Current research priorities are varied and debated.
A clear direction is needed for future obesity studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose three critical areas for obesity research focus in the coming decade.
To emphasize a translational and bi-directional research approach.
To highlight the importance of basic and clinical science integration.

Main Methods:

Focus on the physiological basis of body weight and fat regulation.
Investigate epigenetic mechanisms influencing energy balance.
Prioritize research on obesity prevention strategies.

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Incorporate studies on gene expression and animal models.

Facilitate bi-directional communication between basic and clinical scientists.

Main Results:

Identified three key research areas: physiological regulation, epigenetics, and prevention.
Advocated for a translational approach linking basic and clinical research.
Stressed the need for enhanced communication between researchers and clinicians.

Conclusions:

Obesity research requires prioritization in specific, impactful areas.
Integrating basic science with clinical applications is essential for progress.
Effective communication is vital for advancing obesity prevention and treatment.