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Pulmonary air embolism: case report.

S B Karr1, F J Schwab, E M Druy

  • 1Department of Radiology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20037.

Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology
|July 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Pulmonary air embolism can occur when a central venous catheter is disconnected, leading to lung complications. Early diagnosis is possible through specific imaging findings, enabling prompt medical intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Central venous catheters are common medical devices used for administering medication and monitoring hemodynamic status.
  • Disconnection of catheter hubs can lead to air entry into the venous system, a potentially serious complication.

Observation:

  • A patient with an indwelling central venous catheter developed pulmonary edema after the catheter hub was disconnected.
  • Pulmonary arteriography revealed diffuse peripheral vasoconstriction and decreased arterial-to-venous transit time.

Findings:

  • The observed imaging findings, including vasoconstriction and reduced transit time, were indicative of pulmonary air embolism.
  • Arterial occlusions were also noted on pulmonary arteriography.

Implications:

  • These findings suggest that pulmonary air embolism should be considered in patients with central venous catheters presenting with acute pulmonary edema.
  • Prospective diagnosis of pulmonary air embolism is feasible using characteristic findings on pulmonary arteriography.
  • Prompt recognition and management are crucial for improving patient outcomes in cases of catheter-related air embolism.

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