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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns
13:44

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns

Published on: August 30, 2013

Alignment using variable penalty dynamic time warping.

David Clifford1, Glenn Stone, Ivan Montoliu

  • 1CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences, Locked Bag 17, North Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia. David.Clifford@csiro.au

Analytical Chemistry
|January 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel variable penalty dynamic time warping (DTW) method for aligning chromatogram signals, particularly effective for gas chromatography data. The enhanced DTW reduces artificial signal warping and improves alignment accuracy.

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns
13:44

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns

Published on: August 30, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Chromatogram signal alignment is crucial for accurate data analysis, especially in complex datasets like gas chromatography (GC).
  • Traditional dynamic time warping (DTW) can introduce artificial features and over-warp signals when local alignment is needed but global alignment is insufficient.
  • Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) data often requires precise alignment across multiple samples and batches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present a novel variation of dynamic time warping (DTW) for chromatogram signal alignment.
  • To address the limitations of regular DTW in handling signals that align well locally but not globally.
  • To improve the accuracy and reduce artifacts in the alignment of gas chromatography data.

Main Methods:

  • Introduced a variable penalty dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm.
  • The penalty is integrated into the distance metric, applied specifically to non-diagonal steps during alignment.
  • Penalty selection is based on morphological dilation of the chromatogram signals.
  • The method was tested on GC/MS data from 712 blood plasma samples.

Main Results:

  • The variable penalty DTW significantly reduces the number of non-diagonal alignment steps.
  • A reduction factor of 30 in non-diagonal moves was observed in the presented examples.
  • The enhanced alignment maintained or improved visual quality compared to standard DTW.
  • The method demonstrated effectiveness in aligning large-scale GC/MS datasets processed over extended periods.

Conclusions:

  • Variable penalty DTW offers a robust solution for aligning chromatogram signals with local variations.
  • This method effectively mitigates over-warping and artificial feature introduction common in standard DTW.
  • The approach is highly suitable for aligning complex datasets such as those from gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.
  • The technique provides accurate and visually reliable signal alignment without compromising data integrity.