Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management01:19

Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management

The nursing management of Mitral Valve Prolapse, or MVP, centers around patient education, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.Patient Education on MVP Diagnosis and Heredity: Nurses should provide comprehensive education about MVP, a condition where the mitral valve does not close appropriately during heartbeats. This education often includes the condition's pathophysiology, symptoms, and potential complications, like arrhythmias or mitral regurgitation. Though not fully...
Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease01:27

Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Lymphocyte characterization of decidua basalis spiral arteries with acute atherosis in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnancies.

Journal of reproductive immunology·2019
Same author

Trophoblast Glycoprotein (TPGB/5T4) in Human Placenta: Expression, Regulation, and Presence in Extracellular Microvesicles and Exosomes.

Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)·2017
Same author

Predicting delivery of a small-for-gestational-age infant and adverse perinatal outcome in women with suspected pre-eclampsia.

Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology·2017
Same author

Stress responses and pre-eclampsia.

Pregnancy hypertension·2015
Same author

Isolation of syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles and exosomes and their characterisation by multicolour flow cytometry and fluorescence Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)·2015
Same author

Diagnostic accuracy of placental growth factor and ultrasound parameters to predict the small-for-gestational-age infant in women presenting with reduced symphysis-fundus height.

Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology·2015

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas
05:31

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas

Published on: January 26, 2024

Placental stress and pre-eclampsia: a revised view.

C W G Redman1, I L Sargent

  • 1Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK. christopher.redman@obs-gyn.ox.ac.uk

Placenta
|January 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Pre-eclampsia involves placental oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, not just hypoxia. Inflammatory mechanisms, not solely hypoxia, drive excessive soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) release, contributing to maternal endothelial dysfunction.

More Related Videos

The 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo
12:17

The 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo

Published on: August 2, 2017

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
06:39

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants

Published on: June 13, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas
05:31

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas

Published on: January 26, 2024

The 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo
12:17

The 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo

Published on: August 2, 2017

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
06:39

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants

Published on: June 13, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Pre-eclampsia is characterized by poor placentation, leading to placental oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
  • This stress is thought to stimulate excessive soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) production, which sequesters vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), causing maternal endothelial dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reiterate that poor placentation may predispose to placental oxidative stress more than hypoxia.
  • To explore pre-eclampsia as a disorder of systemic inflammation beyond endothelial dysfunction.
  • To question the sole or primary role of hypoxia in stimulating sFlt-1 release and emphasize inflammatory mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review and reiteration of previous claims regarding placental stress.
  • Analysis of the role of inflammatory mechanisms, specifically nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), in sFlt-1 release.
  • Examination of other bioactive circulating factors from the pre-eclamptic placenta.

Main Results:

  • The study reiterates that placental oxidative stress may be more significant than hypoxia in pre-eclampsia.
  • Evidence suggests pre-eclampsia involves systemic inflammation and that hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF) upregulation does not solely indicate hypoxia.
  • The pre-eclamptic placenta releases significantly higher concentrations of bioactive factors beyond sFlt-1 compared to normal pregnancy.

Conclusions:

  • Pre-eclampsia is a complex disorder involving both endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation.
  • Inflammatory mechanisms play a crucial role in sFlt-1 release, potentially more so than hypoxia.
  • A modified two-stage model for pre-eclampsia is proposed, incorporating these findings.