Osteomyelitis and discospondylitis due to Scedosporium apiospermum in a dog

A 6-year-old, 30-kg, female German Shepherd Dog, living in a leishmaniasis enzootic area, was presented with a severe rear limb motor disorder and a medical history of acute onset of fever. Routine hematology indicated neutrophilia. Spinal survey radiographs were consistent with osteomyelitis and discospondylitis. Because of the poor clinical prognosis and the painful nature of the lesions, the dog was euthanized at the owners' request. At necropsy, T13-L1 vertebrae had large areas of necrosis within the vertebral bodies. Histopathological findings were consistent with chronic, severe, fungal osteomyelitis and discospondylitis. Polymerase chain reaction identified Scedosporium apiospermum, a eutrophic filamentous fungus now recognized as an emerging agent of severe infections in immunosuppressed human patients.