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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve
10:53

Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve

Published on: October 8, 2014

Urologic laser types and instrumentation.

Ricardo A Natalin1, Courtney K Phillips, Ralph V Clayman

  • 1Department of Urology, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.

Archivos Espanoles De Urologia
|January 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urologists must understand laser properties for optimal patient treatment beyond kidney stones. This review details carbon dioxide (CO2), Neodymium:YAG, KTP, and Holmium:YAG lasers used in urologic applications.

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Optogenetic Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve
10:53

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Published on: October 8, 2014

Photoselective Vaporesection of the Prostate via an End-firing Lithium Triborate Crystal Laser
07:17

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Published on: May 9, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Laser Technology

Background:

  • Lasers are versatile tools in urology, extending beyond their primary use in treating urolithiasis.
  • Various laser types possess unique properties, necessitating specialized knowledge for effective application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the distinct characteristics of commonly used lasers in urology.
  • To outline the instrumentation required for deploying these lasers within the urinary tract.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on laser applications in urology.
  • Analysis of the properties and instrumentation of specific laser systems.

Main Results:

  • Detailed examination of carbon dioxide (CO2), Neodymium:YAG, KTP, and Holmium:YAG lasers.
  • Discussion of the specific indications and technical requirements for each laser type.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding individual laser characteristics is crucial for urologists to optimize patient selection and treatment outcomes.
  • Proper instrumentation is essential for the safe and effective use of lasers in urologic procedures.