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Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

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Published on: September 20, 2020

Working memory plasticity in old age: practice gain, transfer, and maintenance.

Shu-Chen Li1, Florian Schmiedek, Oliver Huxhold

  • 1Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany. shuchen@mpib-berlin.mpg.de

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Extensive working memory training improved performance and near transfer in both young and older adults. Gains were maintained for 3 months, showing potential for cognitive enhancement in older age.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Human Development
  • Neuroplasticity

Background:

  • Age-related cognitive decline is a significant concern.
  • Working memory plasticity in adulthood is less understood than episodic memory plasticity.
  • Understanding cognitive plasticity differences across the adult lifespan is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of extensive working memory practice on cognitive performance, transfer, and maintenance in adults.
  • To compare plasticity and training outcomes between younger (20-30 years) and older (70-80 years) adults.
  • To explore the potential of working memory training for cognitive enhancement in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Adults (20-30 and 70-80 years) engaged in daily spatial working memory practice for 45 days.
  • Training involved tasks with varying processing demands.
  • Performance was compared to age-matched control groups; transfer and maintenance were assessed over 3 months.

Main Results:

  • Both age groups showed significant performance improvements on the practiced working memory task.
  • Near transfer was observed to more demanding spatial and numerical n-back tasks.
  • Practice gains and near transfer effects were maintained for 3 months, with slight decrements in older adults.

Conclusions:

  • Deliberate working memory practice can yield substantial cognitive benefits across adulthood.
  • While older adults showed similar initial gains, maintenance revealed some age-related differences.
  • Working memory training shows promise as an intervention to improve cognition in aging populations.