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Related Concept Videos

Group Design02:01

Group Design

The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between the two are due to...
Reliability and Validity01:29

Reliability and Validity

Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
Surveys02:16

Surveys

Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
The Representativeness Heuristic02:13

The Representativeness Heuristic

The representative heuristic describes a biased way of thinking, in which you unintentionally stereotype someone or something. For example, you may assume that your professors spend their free time reading books and engaging in intellectual conversation, because the idea of them spending their time playing volleyball or visiting an amusement park does not fit in with your stereotypes of professors.
Stratified Sampling Method01:16

Stratified Sampling Method

Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...
Case Studies01:22

Case Studies

There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.

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Related Experiment Videos

Generalisability of a composite student selection programme.

Lotte D O'Neill1, Lars Korsholm, Birgitta Wallstedt

  • 1Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. ldyhrberg@health.sdu.dk

Medical Education
|January 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The composite medical school admission process showed good generalisability (G = 0.82). However, individual components like written motivation had low reliability, suggesting a need for evidence-based selection strategies.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Admissions and Selection Processes
  • Psychometrics and Educational Measurement

Background:

  • Non-cognitive admission criteria are widely used in medical education selection.
  • The generalisability of composite non-cognitive variables in medical admissions is under-examined.
  • Assessing the reliability of these criteria is crucial for fair selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the generalisability of a composite selection process for medical school admissions.
  • To evaluate the reliability of individual non-cognitive admission variables.
  • To inform evidence-based decisions for optimizing medical selection strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 307 medical school applicants.
  • Double-scoring of admission parameters by independent, blinded raters.
  • Estimation of variance components using a mixed-effects model (REML) and calculation of generalisability (G) coefficients.

Main Results:

  • The composite selection procedure demonstrated good generalisability (G = 0.82).
  • The admission interview showed high generalisability (G = 0.86).
  • Written motivation exhibited low generalisability (G = 0.10), and the pre-selection composite was insufficient (G = 0.45).

Conclusions:

  • A composite approach to medical admissions can be reliable.
  • Individual admission variables vary significantly in their generalisability.
  • Informed decisions regarding the application, composition, and weighting of admission variables are essential for effective selection.