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Related Experiment Videos

Ultrasonic energy. Effects on vascular function and integrity.

T A Fischell1, M A Abbas, G W Grant

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, CA 94305.

Circulation
|October 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Ultrasonic energy delivered via a flexible wire probe causes dose-dependent arterial smooth muscle relaxation, improving safety for plaque ablation. This effect is endothelium-independent and observed both in vitro and in vivo.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Medical Device Technology
  • Atherosclerosis Treatment

Background:

  • Atherosclerotic plaque ablation can be achieved using ultrasonic energy delivered through flexible wire probes.
  • Investigating the impact of this ultrasonic energy on arterial vasomotor behavior is crucial for understanding its therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of ultrasonic energy (20 kHz) delivered via a ball-tipped wire probe on arterial vasomotor behavior.
  • To assess the efficacy of ultrasonic plaque ablation and its impact on arterial function in various models.

Main Methods:

  • Rabbit thoracic aortas in a perfused whole-vessel model were used to study vasomotor responses to ultrasonic energy.
  • Long-axis ultrasonic vessel imaging assessed arterial segments treated with ultrasonic energy (0.7-5.5 W) after precontraction.

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  • Plaque ablation efficacy was evaluated in human cadaver iliofemoral arteries; in vivo studies were conducted in canine femoral arteries.

    • Main Results:

    • Ultrasonic energy induced dose-dependent, endothelium-independent relaxation in rabbit aortas after phenylephrine or KCl precontraction.
    • Significant vasorelaxation (67 +/- 8%) was observed after voltage-dependent precontraction with KCl.
    • Moderate ultrasonic energy levels caused no significant vessel wall warming (<1°C) or smooth muscle injury, and effectively recanalized occluded human arteries.

    Conclusions:

    • Ultrasonic energy via a flexible wire probe induces endothelium-independent smooth muscle relaxation, reversing vasoconstriction in vitro.
    • The vasorelaxant effect is not attributed to thermal changes or cell injury at moderate power outputs.
    • This ultrasonic energy application shows promise for improving the safety and efficacy of arterial recanalization procedures in vivo.