Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving01:29

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving

Consider a crane whose telescopic boom rotates with an angular velocity of 0.04 rad/s and angular acceleration of 0.02 rad/s2. Along with the rotation, the boom also extends linearly with a uniform speed of 5 m/s. The extension of the boom is measured at point D, which is measured with respect to the fixed point C on the other end of the boom. For the given instant, the distance between points C and D is 60 meters.
Here, in order to determine the magnitude of velocity and acceleration for point...
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes - Acceleration01:22

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes - Acceleration

Consider a component AB undergoing a linear motion. Along with a linear motion, point B also rotates around point A. To comprehend this complex movement, position vectors for both points A and B are established using a stationary reference frame. The absolute velocity of point B is determined by adding the absolute velocity of point A, the relative velocity of point B in the rotating frame, and the effects caused by the angular velocity within the rotating frame.
Time differentiation is...
Gyroscope01:02

Gyroscope

A gyroscope is defined as a spinning disk in which the axis of rotation is free to assume any orientation. When spinning, the orientation of the spin axis is unaffected by the orientation of the body that encloses it. The body or vehicle enclosing the gyroscope can be moved from place to place, while the orientation of the spin axis remains the same. This makes gyroscopes very useful in navigation, especially where magnetic compasses cannot be used, such as in crewed and crewless spacecraft,...
Angular Velocity and Acceleration01:11

Angular Velocity and Acceleration

We previously discussed angular velocity for uniform circular motion, however not all motion is uniform. Envision an ice skater spinning with their arms outstretched; when they pull their arms inward, their angular velocity increases. Additionally, think about a computer's hard disk slowing to a halt as the angular velocity decreases. The faster the change in angular velocity, the greater the angular acceleration. The instantaneous angular acceleration is defined as the derivative of angular...
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes01:25

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes

Consider a component AB undergoing a linear motion. Along with a linear motion, point B also rotates around point A. To comprehend this complex movement, position vectors for both points A and B are established using a stationary reference frame.
However, to express the relative position of point B relative to point A, an additional frame of reference, denoted as x'y', is necessary. This additional frame not only translates but also rotates relative to the fixed frame, making it instrumental in...
Gyroscope: Precession01:24

Gyroscope: Precession

Precession can be demonstrated effectively through a spinning top. If a spinning top is placed on a flat surface near the surface of the Earth at a vertical angle and is not spinning, it will fall over due to the force of gravity producing a torque acting on its center of mass. However, if the top is spinning on its axis, it precesses about the vertical direction, rather than topple over due to this torque. Precessional motion is a combination of a steady circular motion of the axis and the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hybrid III lumbar spinal column injury risk curves from vertical impact.

Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials·2026
Same author

Minor endplate damage as an initiator of systemic biomechanical disruption of the lumbar disc: a finite element analysis of the 'mechanical tipping point' in disc failure.

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·2026
Same author

Lung injury risk curves for behind armor blunt trauma using the abbreviated injury scoring system.

Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials·2026
Same author

Acceleration corridors of small female post-mortem human subjects in near-side and far-side frontal oblique impacts.

Journal of biomechanics·2026
Same author

Intramedullary Strain During Neck Extension is Associated with Microstructural Spinal Cord Injury in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2026
Same author

Effect of rear impact on the instrumented cervical spine: a finite element study.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2026
Same journal

EFFECT OF FILTERING KINEMATICS ON FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATIONS OF HEAD IMPACTS IN HIGH SCHOOL FEMALE LACROSSE.

Biomedical sciences instrumentation·2026
Same journal

INHIBITING THE INHIBITOR: WOULD TARGETING PAI-1 RESULT IN A LOW-DOSE, WELL-TOLERATED TREATMENT OF EMPYEMA?

Biomedical sciences instrumentation·2026
Same journal

QUANTIFYING HEAD IMPACT EXPOSURE, MECHANISMS AND KINEMATICS USING INSTRUMENTED MOUTHGUARDS IN MALE HIGH SCHOOL LACROSSE.

Biomedical sciences instrumentation·2026
Same journal

UTILITY OF CHEST ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN QUANTIFYING CLOT AND PLEURAL EFFUSION VOLUME IN PRECLINICAL MODELS OF PLEURAL DISEASE.

Biomedical sciences instrumentation·2026
Same journal

THE ROLE OF PERIPHERAL VISION IN ENHANCING BALANCE AND POSTURAL STABILITY: INSIGHTS FROM CENTRAL VISION OBSTRUCTION.

Biomedical sciences instrumentation·2025
Same journal

IMPACT OF NON-SKID SOCKS AND ANTERIOR WEIGHT ON POSTURAL RESPONSE AND STABILITY DURING PERTURBATION.

Biomedical sciences instrumentation·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field
06:52

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

Published on: May 26, 2020

Head motions using nine accelerometer package and angular rate sensors.

Narayan Yoganandan1, John Humm, Michael Schlick

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation
|January 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study compared two head impact sensors. Combining angular rate sensor data with the pyramid nine accelerometer package (PNAP) provides optimal linear and angular acceleration and velocity measurements for impact analysis.

More Related Videos

A Method for Evaluating Timeliness and Accuracy of Volitional Motor Responses to Vibrotactile Stimuli
07:28

A Method for Evaluating Timeliness and Accuracy of Volitional Motor Responses to Vibrotactile Stimuli

Published on: August 2, 2016

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform
10:12

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform

Published on: May 23, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field
06:52

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

Published on: May 26, 2020

A Method for Evaluating Timeliness and Accuracy of Volitional Motor Responses to Vibrotactile Stimuli
07:28

A Method for Evaluating Timeliness and Accuracy of Volitional Motor Responses to Vibrotactile Stimuli

Published on: August 2, 2016

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform
10:12

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform

Published on: May 23, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Impact dynamics
  • Sensor technology

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of head kinematics during impact is crucial for understanding traumatic brain injury.
  • Existing sensor systems have limitations in capturing both linear and angular motion comprehensively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of a custom pyramid nine accelerometer package (PNAP) and a commercial angular rate sensor in measuring head kinematics.
  • To determine the optimal sensor combination for obtaining accurate linear and angular acceleration and velocity data.

Main Methods:

  • Two sensor systems, PNAP and an angular rate sensor, were mounted on post mortem human cadaver specimen (PMHS) heads.
  • Impact loading was applied, and data were collected and analyzed using dynamic equations and geometric properties.
  • Linear accelerations from PNAP were transformed to angular accelerations and velocities at the head's center of gravity.

Main Results:

  • The angular rate sensor excelled at measuring rotational velocities.
  • The PNAP device was superior for measuring angular accelerations.
  • A combined approach using both sensors yielded the most accurate temporal linear acceleration data at the head's center of gravity.

Conclusions:

  • Both the PNAP device and the angular rate sensor have distinct strengths for measuring head kinematics.
  • A hybrid sensor approach, integrating data from both systems, is recommended for comprehensive and accurate kinematic analysis during impact testing.