Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Preparedness and Phobias

Preparedness and Phobias

Human fear responses to certain stimuli, such as darkness, heights, deep water, and blood, can often arise despite the absence of direct negative experiences. This phenomenon is rooted in evolutionary psychology, which posits that humans have developed a predisposition to fear stimuli that historically posed significant survival threats. This predisposition, known as preparedness, suggests that early humans who developed a fear of potentially dangerous entities, such as venomous snakes and...

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role of...

Censoring Survival Data

Censoring Survival Data

Survival analysis is a statistical method used to analyze time-to-event data, often employed in fields such as medicine, engineering, and social sciences. One of the key challenges in survival analysis is dealing with incomplete data, a phenomenon known as "censoring." Censoring occurs when the event of interest (such as death, relapse, or system failure) has not occurred for some individuals by the end of the study period or is otherwise unobservable, and it might have many different reasons...

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...

Physiological Theories: Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion

Physiological Theories: Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion

The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion, proposed by Walter Cannon and Philip Bard, challenges the notion that emotions are solely the result of physiological responses. Instead, this theory suggests that emotional experiences and physiological arousal occur simultaneously but operate through independent mechanisms. This dual response is initiated by the brain, specifically by the thalamus, which plays a critical role in processing sensory information.
Upon perceiving a stimulus, such as a dangerous...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Inexpensive Complex Hand Model Twenty Years Later.

Biomedical sciences instrumentation·2015

Same author

Nasa astronauts, prosthetics and the manned space program.

Biomedical sciences instrumentation·2014

Same author

Reviving a medical wearable computer for teaching purposes.

Biomedical sciences instrumentation·2014

Same author

Hacking medical devices a review - biomed 2013.

Biomedical sciences instrumentation·2013

Same author

Human sexual function emulator - biomed 2011.

Biomedical sciences instrumentation·2011

Same author

Emulating I - biomed 2010.

Biomedical sciences instrumentation·2010

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Human Fear Conditioning Conducted in Full Immersion 3-Dimensional Virtual Reality

Human Fear Conditioning Conducted in Full Immersion 3-Dimensional Virtual Reality

Published on: August 9, 2010

Human fear mechanism emulator.

¹A Working Hypothesis Inc., Houston, TX, 77282, USA. pfrenger@alumni.rice.edu.

Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation

|January 15, 2009

Summary

This study models mammalian fear responses, detailing neural plasticity and pattern recognition. The developed human nervous system emulator simulates fear, impacting anxiety disorders and depression.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Computational Neuroscience
Psychiatry

Background:

Mammalian fear responses involve learning threatening contexts and recognizing danger.
Neural synaptic plasticity and long-term potentiation (LTP) are crucial for fear learning.
Pattern classifiers in the brain are essential for threat recognition.

Purpose of the Study:

To extend a human nervous system emulator to reproduce mammalian fear mechanisms.
To investigate the neural basis of fear learning and recognition.
To explore the emulator's impact on anxiety disorders and depression.

Main Methods:

Review of brain anatomy and mechanisms of synaptic plasticity and LTP.
Design and implementation of a human nervous system emulator.

More Related Videos

Observational Fear as a Model of Affective Empathy in Mice

Observational Fear as a Model of Affective Empathy in Mice

Published on: November 22, 2024

Contextual and Cued Fear Conditioning Test Using a Video Analyzing System in Mice

Contextual and Cued Fear Conditioning Test Using a Video Analyzing System in Mice

Published on: March 1, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Human Fear Conditioning Conducted in Full Immersion 3-Dimensional Virtual Reality

Human Fear Conditioning Conducted in Full Immersion 3-Dimensional Virtual Reality

Published on: August 9, 2010

Observational Fear as a Model of Affective Empathy in Mice

Observational Fear as a Model of Affective Empathy in Mice

Published on: November 22, 2024

Contextual and Cued Fear Conditioning Test Using a Video Analyzing System in Mice

Contextual and Cued Fear Conditioning Test Using a Video Analyzing System in Mice

Published on: March 1, 2014

Integration of experimental findings on LTP, hippocampus signaling, NMDA receptors, and amygdala function.

Main Results:

The emulator is designed to reproduce fear responses based on neural mechanisms.
The study details specific experimental findings relevant to fear circuitry.
The emulator's output can be linked to conditions like anxiety and PTSD.

Conclusions:

The developed emulator provides a framework for understanding fear mechanisms.
Fear responses simulated by the emulator have implications for psychiatric disorders.
Further research can utilize this emulator to study fear and related conditions.