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Published on: October 15, 2018
The pleiotropic effects of ethacrynic acid
1Department of Pharmacology and Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA. jsomberg@rush.edu
Abstract:
Ethacrynic acid (EC), an effective loop diuretic especially in patients allergic to sulfa-containing drugs, possesses a number of potentially useful actions in addition to the inhibition of the Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl⁻ kidney symport. Inhibition of the enzyme glutathione S-transferase plays an important role in reducing chemotherapy drug resistance. Chemical modifications of EC increase inhibition of glutathione S-transferase and reduce toxicity due to diuretic action (hypotension and hypovolemia). This work may lead to effective therapies in reducing chemotherapy resistance in cancer chemotherapeutics. In addition, EC or conjurers may be a radiation enhancer, an anti-inflammatory agent, or a treatment for glaucoma.
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Lethal Alleles
Lucien Cuénot discovered lethal alleles in 1905 while studying the inheritance of coat color in mice. The agouti gene is responsible for the color of the coat in mice. This gene codes for an agouti-signaling protein, which is responsible for melanin distribution in mammals. The wild-type allele gives rise to gray-brown coat color in mice, while the mutant allele gives rise to yellow coat color. In addition to coat color, the agouti gene is associated with the yellow...