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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Portal Hypertension01:22

Portal Hypertension

Portal hypertension is an increase in blood pressure within the portal venous system. Normally, this pressure is less than 5 mmHg. It is considered clinically significant when it rises above 10 mmHg. At this threshold, complications from altered blood flow and venous congestion emerge.EtiologyPortal hypertension arises from conditions that impede blood flow through the liver. The most common cause is cirrhosis, in which chronic liver injury leads to fibrotic scarring. This fibrosis narrows or...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...

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Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[New paradigm for haemorrhoidal disease treatment].

La Revue du praticien·2023
Same author

Prospective and multicentre study of radiofrequency treatment in anal fistula.

Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland·2022
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Surgical closure, mainly with glue injection and anti-tumour necrosis factor α, in fistulizing perianal Crohn's disease: A multicentre randomized controlled trial.

Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland·2021
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Erratum to: Predictors of Perianal Fistula Relapse in Crohn's Disease.

Inflammatory bowel diseases·2020
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Pedictors of Perianal Fistula Relapse in Crohn's Disease.

Inflammatory bowel diseases·2019
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[Anal acute pain].

La Revue du praticien·2018

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Acupoint Needle-Embedding Combined with Ironing Therapy for Postoperative Pain After Anal Surgery
05:39

Acupoint Needle-Embedding Combined with Ironing Therapy for Postoperative Pain After Anal Surgery

Published on: June 23, 2023

[Haemorrhoidal disease].

François Pigot1

  • 1Service de proctologie, hôpital Bagatelle, 33041 Talence Cedex, France. proctobagatelle@mspb.com

La Revue Du Praticien
|January 16, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Hemorrhoidal disease, a common benign condition affecting nearly half the French population annually, is diagnosed clinically after ruling out other pathologies. Effective medical treatments exist, with surgical options for severe, persistent symptoms offering improved safety and outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Surgery

Context:

  • Hemorrhoids are a common, benign condition affecting the anal canal.
  • Hemorrhoidal disease impacts a significant portion of the population annually.
  • Diagnosis is primarily clinical, emphasizing the exclusion of other anorectal pathologies.

Purpose:

  • To provide an overview of hemorrhoidal disease.
  • To discuss diagnostic approaches and treatment modalities for hemorrhoids.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of various treatment options.

Summary:

  • Hemorrhoidal disease is a frequent, benign condition originating from normal anal canal anatomy.
  • Clinical diagnosis is key, necessitating the exclusion of other serious conditions.
  • Initial treatments focus on medical interventions (local and systemic), with instrumental or surgical options reserved for refractory cases.

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  • Surgical techniques have evolved, reducing morbidity and improving outcomes for severe hemorrhoidal disease.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the benign nature of hemorrhoidal disease despite its prevalence.
    • Emphasizes the importance of accurate clinical diagnosis.
    • Informs patient and physician decision-making regarding treatment selection.
    • Underscores advancements in surgical interventions for improved patient care.