The effects of oral nifedipine on hepatic blood flow in humans

Duplex ultrasonography was used to measure changes in hepatic blood flow in 13 healthy volunteers after they received single doses of 10 mg oral nifedipine and placebo. Blood flow was measured in the hepatic artery and branches of the portal and hepatic veins at baseline and 0.3, 0.6, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours after drug administration. Cardiac output was also measured at baseline and 1, 2, and 3 hours after dosing. Blood flow initially increased in all three vessels 0.6 hour after administration of nifedipine (29%, 56%, and 31% in the hepatic artery, hepatic vein, and portal vein, respectively) compared with placebo. Flow rapidly returned to baseline in the hepatic artery and hepatic vein, whereas it appeared to remain elevated through 3 hours in the portal vein. Nifedipine administration resulted in an increase in cardiac output of 26%, 22%, and 14% above placebo at 1, 2, and 3 hours, respectively. No significant differences were detected in the systolic, diastolic, or mean arterial blood pressures after nifedipine or placebo. This study demonstrates that nifedipine increases hepatic blood flow in a transient nature and systemic hemodynamic parameters do not necessarily reflect specific organ responses. The nifedipine-induced change in blood flow should be considered when nifedipine is coadministered with high-clearance drugs, because systemic availability may be increased.