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Related Concept Videos

Genetics of Speciation02:16

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.The genetics of speciation involves the different traits or isolating mechanisms preventing gene exchange, leading to reproductive isolation. Reproductive isolation can be due to reproductive barriers that have effects either before or after the formation of a zygote. Pre-zygotic mechanisms prevent fertilization from occurring, and post-zygotic mechanisms...
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Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
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Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

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Published on: February 3, 2023

Divergent selection and heterogeneous genomic divergence.

Patrik Nosil1, Daniel J Funk, Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos

  • 1Zoology Department and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada. patrik.nosil@wiko-berlin.de

Molecular Ecology
|January 16, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Divergent selection drives heterogeneous genomic divergence by creating outlier loci and promoting isolation by adaptation. This process impacts genetic differentiation across genomes, influencing speciation and evolutionary trajectories.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • Genetic differentiation varies across genomes, influenced by divergent selection.
  • Divergent selection can lead to outlier loci and increased genome-wide differentiation by reducing gene flow.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and integrate concepts of heterogeneous genomic divergence driven by divergent selection.
  • To synthesize findings on outlier loci and isolation by adaptation (IBA).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of studies identifying outlier loci.
  • Analysis of the association between adaptive phenotypic divergence and molecular genetic differentiation (IBA).

Main Results:

  • 5-10% of loci are typically identified as outliers, often dispersed and showing replicated divergence.
  • Isolation by adaptation (IBA) is frequently observed, even in loci unlinked to selection.
  • Divergent selection contributes to heterogeneous genomic divergence through various mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Divergent selection plays a diverse role in shaping genomic differentiation.
  • Further research is needed on the role of divergent selection in the formation of genomic islands of divergence.