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Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease

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Tetralogy of Fallot.

Frederique Bailliard¹, Robert H Anderson

¹North Carolina Children's Heart Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. frederique_bailliard@med.unc.edu

Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases

|January 16, 2009

Summary

Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect affecting 3 in 10,000 births. Diagnosis via echocardiogram guides surgical repair, with improved survival rates and management of chronic issues.

Area of Science:

Pediatric Cardiology
Congenital Heart Disease
Cardiac Surgery

Background:

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a complex congenital cardiac malformation.
It comprises ventricular septal defect, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, aortic override, and right ventricular hypertrophy.
Occurring in 3 of 10,000 live births, TOF accounts for 7-10% of all congenital heart defects.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of Tetralogy of Fallot.
To discuss diagnostic approaches and current treatment strategies.
To highlight long-term outcomes and evolving management trends.

Main Methods:

Diagnostic evaluation includes chest radiograph, electrocardiogram, and echocardiogram.
Echocardiography is key for definitive diagnosis and treatment planning.

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Antenatal diagnosis is increasingly common, aiding early intervention.

Main Results:

Echocardiography establishes diagnosis and guides surgical planning.
Neonatal interventions range from palliative shunts to complete repair.
Long-term follow-up reveals survival rates over 85% for patients born 30 years ago.

Conclusions:

Surgical repair is the definitive treatment for Tetralogy of Fallot.
Advancements in surgical and medical management are improving outcomes.
Chronic issues like pulmonary regurgitation and arrhythmias require ongoing monitoring and management.