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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice
07:49

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Published on: October 14, 2014

Hospitalizations for pediatric anaphylaxis.

M Calvani1, D Di Lallo, A Polo

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, San Camillo de Lellis Hospital, Rome, Italy. MI5660@MCLINK.IT

International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology
|January 16, 2009
PubMed
Summary

The study found that anaphylaxis hospitalizations in children are most common in early life, primarily due to food allergies. Diagnostic discrepancies between emergency and regular hospital care highlight a need for better health worker awareness of anaphylaxis.

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Published on: September 14, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction requiring accurate diagnosis and management.
  • Understanding the epidemiology of pediatric anaphylaxis is crucial for public health initiatives.
  • Previous studies have not fully elucidated the diagnostic concordance in pediatric anaphylaxis cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epidemiology of anaphylaxis in hospitalized children in Lazio, Italy.
  • To determine the incidence and case fatality rate of pediatric anaphylaxis.
  • To assess the diagnostic agreement between Emergency Departments (ED) and Ordinary Hospitalizations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of ICD-9 codes for anaphylaxis diagnoses (2000-2003).
  • Inclusion of data from all Emergency Departments, Ordinary Hospitalizations, and Day Hospitals in Lazio.
  • Analysis of 203 identified cases in children aged 0-17 years.

Main Results:

  • Anaphylaxis incidence was highest in the first years of life, decreasing with age (p <0.001).
  • Food anaphylaxis (995.60 onwards) comprised 43% of cases, predominantly in infants.
  • Diagnostic concordance was low: 12.5% from Ordinary Hospitalizations to ED, and 42.3% from ED to Ordinary Hospitalizations.
  • One death occurred, resulting in a mortality rate of 0.038/100,000 children/year.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric anaphylaxis hospitalizations peak in early childhood, with food triggers being most common.
  • Significant diagnostic inconsistencies exist between ED and inpatient settings, indicating a need for improved clinical awareness.
  • Enhanced training for healthcare professionals on recognizing and managing anaphylaxis is recommended.