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Related Concept Videos

Toroids01:27

Toroids

A toroid is a closely wound donut-shaped coil constructed using a single conducting wire. In general, it is assumed that a toriod consists of multiple circular loops perpendicular to its axis.
When connected to a supply, the magnetic field generated in the toroid has field lines circular and concentric to its axis. Conventionally, the direction of this magnetic field is expressed using the right-hand rule. If the fingers of the right hand curl in the current direction, the thumb points in the...
Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field01:13

Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

The most common application of magnetic force on current-carrying wires is in electric motors. These consist of loops of wire, which are placed between the magnets with a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate, thus converting electrical energy to mechanical energy.
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Torsion in Vector Calculus01:20

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Torque01:10

Torque

Torque is an important quantity for describing the dynamics of a rotating rigid body. We see the application of torque in many ways in the world, such as when pressing the accelerator in a car, which causes the engine to apply additional torque on the drivetrain. Here, we define torque and provide a framework to create an equation to calculate torque for a rigid body with fixed-axis rotation.
Torque can be considered as the rotational counterpart to force. Since forces change the translational...
Torque Free Motion01:15

Torque Free Motion

The torque-free motion refers to the movement of a rigid body in space when no external torques are acting upon it. This type of motion can be observed in environments where there are no external forces or frictions, like in outer space. For example, a rotation of Mars in space is a torque-free motion. Mars is an axisymmetric object, meaning it has an axis of symmetry along which it rotates, designated as the z-axis. The rotating frame of reference is defined such that the center of mass of...
Net Torque Calculations01:19

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When a mechanic tries to remove a hex nut with a wrench, it is easier if the force is applied at the farthest end of the wrench handle. The lever arm is the distance from the pivot point (the hex nut in this case) to the person’s hand. If this distance is large, the torque is higher. Only the component of the force perpendicular to the lever arm contributes to the torque. Therefore, pushing the wrench perpendicular to the lever arm is more advantageous. If multiple people apply force to rotate...

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Magnetic Tweezers for the Measurement of Twist and Torque
11:41

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Published on: May 19, 2014

Tracking people on a torus.

Ahmed Elgammal1, Chan-Su Lee

  • 1Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA. elgammal@cs.rutgers.edu

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
|January 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel framework for 3D human motion tracking and viewpoint estimation using a single camera. The method accurately reconstructs body posture and camera viewpoint for periodic human movements.

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Vision
  • Human Motion Analysis
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Accurate 3D human pose tracking from monocular video is challenging.
  • Estimating viewpoint simultaneously with pose adds complexity.
  • Existing methods often require calibrated cameras or multiple views.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a framework for monocular 3D kinematic pose tracking and viewpoint estimation.
  • To analyze periodic and quasi-periodic human motions from uncalibrated cameras.
  • To leverage joint learning of visual and kinematic manifolds.

Main Methods:

  • A joint representation learning approach for visual and kinematic manifolds.
  • Modeling the visual manifold of human motion as a torus manifold.
  • Supervised learning of geometric deformations between ideal and observed manifolds.
  • Utilizing an uncalibrated camera for data acquisition.

Main Results:

  • Accurate estimation of 3D body posture from single-camera input.
  • Precise determination of viewpoint for human motion sequences.
  • Demonstrated effectiveness on periodic and quasi-periodic motions.
  • Topological equivalence of observed shapes to torus manifolds shown.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed framework enables robust 3D human motion analysis from uncalibrated monocular video.
  • Joint manifold learning effectively captures the dynamics of human movement.
  • Accurate pose and viewpoint estimation is achievable without camera calibration.