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Related Concept Videos

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Applications of RC Circuits01:22

Applications of RC Circuits

A relaxation oscillator is one of the applications of RC circuits. A neon lamp relaxation oscillator comprises a capacitor, a resistor, a voltage source, and a lamp. The lamp acts like an open circuit, with infinite resistance until the potential difference across the lamp reaches a specific voltage. At that voltage, the lamp acts like a short circuit with zero resistance, and the capacitor discharges through the lamp, thus producing light. Once the capacitor is fully discharged through the...
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
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Generation Time01:22

Generation Time

Bacterial generation time, the period required for a bacterial population to double during its exponential growth phase, serves as a critical measure of microbial growth dynamics under optimal conditions. This parameter varies significantly across bacterial species and can be influenced by factors such as temperature, pH, and the availability of nutrients. For example, Escherichia coli can achieve a generation time of approximately 20 minutes, while Mycobacterium tuberculosis exhibits a much...

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials
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A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials

Published on: May 25, 2019

Energy-responsive timekeeping.

David A Bechtold1

  • 1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK. david.bechtold@manchester.ac.uk

Journal of Genetics
|January 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The body

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A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials
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Monitoring Cell-autonomous Circadian Clock Rhythms of Gene Expression Using Luciferase Bioluminescence Reporters
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Monitoring Cell-autonomous Circadian Clock Rhythms of Gene Expression Using Luciferase Bioluminescence Reporters

Published on: September 27, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Metabolic Regulation
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Organisms coordinate daily physiological and behavioral rhythms for energy homeostasis.
  • The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) acts as the master circadian clock, synchronized by light.
  • Metabolic processes can become desynchronized from the SCN by feeding patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay between circadian clock genes and metabolic regulation.
  • To explore the existence and function of a food-entrainable oscillator (FEO).
  • To understand how energy supply influences circadian clock gene expression and metabolic rhythms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on circadian rhythms and metabolic entrainment.
  • Analysis of molecular clock machinery in various tissues.
  • Investigation of gene expression patterns in response to feeding and energy status.

Main Results:

  • Circadian clock genes interact reciprocally with metabolic regulators.
  • Core clock genes are directly influenced by cellular energy levels.
  • Evidence supports an autonomous food-entrainable oscillator (FEO) governing feeding-related rhythms.

Conclusions:

  • The circadian system is responsive to metabolic cues, not just light.
  • Interactions between clock genes and metabolism are crucial for metabolic rhythm regulation.
  • Disruptions in these interactions may contribute to metabolic disorders like obesity and type-II diabetes.