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Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

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The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

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B cells and immunological tolerance.

Nataly Manjarrez-Orduño¹, Tâm D Quách, Iñaki Sanz

¹Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology

|January 17, 2009

Summary

B cells have dual roles in autoimmune diseases, acting as both protective and pathogenic factors. Restoring the balance of B cell functions is key to achieving disease remission.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Autoimmunity
Cell Biology

Background:

B cells play complex roles in autoimmune diseases, exhibiting both protective and pathogenic functions.
Antibody-independent functions of B cells significantly influence immune responses and autoimmunity.
B cell subsets generated by therapies impact treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To re-evaluate the understanding of B cell tolerance in autoimmunity.
To explore B cells as both targets and mediators of tolerance.
To propose a model where B cell function balance is critical for disease remission.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on B cell roles in autoimmune diseases.
Analysis of B cell tolerance mechanisms, including autoantibody production.
Discussion of B cell subsets and their impact on immune regulation.

Main Results:

Evidence highlights diverse B cell functions in autoimmunity.
Antibody-independent B cell activities are crucial for immune regulation.
Therapeutic interventions' success depends on B cell subset balance.

Conclusions:

A revised perspective on B cell tolerance is necessary.
B cells act as critical mediators of tolerance, not just targets.
Restoring the balance between pathogenic and protective B cell functions is essential for autoimmune disease remission.