Doripenem: a new addition to the carbapenem class of antimicrobials

Jason J Schafer1, Debra A Goff, Julie E Mangino

  • 1UPMC St. Margaret Hospital Department of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15215, USA. schaferjj@upmc.edu

Insights

Doripenem is a new carbapenem antibiotic effective against drug-resistant bacteria. It shows potent activity and may be less likely to induce resistance than other carbapenems.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Doripenem is a novel antimicrobial agent within the carbapenem class.
  • It exhibits broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce Doripenem (DPM) and discuss its potential applications.
  • To review its role in treating infections caused by multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
  • To examine recent patents concerning carbapenem antimicrobials.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro susceptibility testing was performed.
  • Literature review of Doripenem's efficacy and resistance profiles.
  • Analysis of recent carbapenem-related patents.

Main Results:

  • Doripenem demonstrates potent in vitro activity against many drug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens.
  • It shows efficacy against strains resistant to imipenem and meropenem.
  • Doripenem may induce resistance less frequently in certain pathogens compared to other carbapenems.

Conclusions:

  • Doripenem presents a promising therapeutic option for infections involving multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
  • Its unique activity profile warrants further investigation for clinical application.
  • Ongoing research and patent activity highlight the evolving landscape of carbapenem antibiotics.

Related Concept Videos

Inhibitors of Gram-positive Cell Wall Synthesis01:23

Inhibitors of Gram-positive Cell Wall Synthesis

Bacterial cell walls are typically rigid structures composed mainly of peptidoglycan, a mesh-like polymer that provides mechanical strength and maintains cell shape. The synthesis of peptidoglycan is a crucial process in bacterial growth and serves as a primary target for many antibiotics.Mechanism of Action of Beta-Lactam AntibioticsBeta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis in actively growing cells. These antibiotics share a characteristic four-membered...
Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis01:25

Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis

Aminoglycosides constitute a highly potent class of bactericidal antibiotics that exert their antimicrobial effects by targeting the bacterial ribosome, specifically disrupting protein synthesis. These polycationic molecules consist of amino-modified sugars linked via glycosidic bonds to an aminocyclitol core such as 2-deoxystreptamine or streptamine. Their strong positive charges facilitate tight binding to the negatively charged phosphate backbone of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), primarily at the 16S...
Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

Overview
Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...