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[Clinical effect of lifestyle modification on cardiovascular risk in prehypertensives: PREHIPER I study]

Félix G Márquez-Celedonio1, Obdulia Téxon-Fernández, Adolfo Chávez-Negrete

  • 1Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 61, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Laguna de Alvarado 673, Veracruz, México. felixg.marquez@imss.gob.mx

Revista Espanola De Cardiologia
|January 20, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Lifestyle modification significantly reduces cardiovascular risk in individuals with prehypertension. This intervention, including diet and exercise, lowered risk scores and the probability of future cardiovascular events.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Public Health

Context:

  • Prehypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure 120-139 mmHg and diastolic 80-89 mmHg, affects a significant portion of the adult population.
  • Elevated cardiovascular risk in prehypertensive individuals necessitates effective, non-pharmacological interventions.
  • Current guidelines recommend lifestyle changes, but their quantifiable impact on cardiovascular risk in this population requires robust evidence.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a comprehensive lifestyle modification program in reducing cardiovascular risk among individuals diagnosed with prehypertension.
  • To compare the changes in cardiovascular risk markers between an intervention group and a control group following standard recommendations.
  • To quantify the reduction in 10-year cardiovascular event probability and Framingham Risk Score in response to lifestyle interventions.

Summary:

  • A randomized clinical trial involving prehypertensive individuals demonstrated that a program of dietary changes, increased physical activity, and educational sessions significantly reduced cardiovascular risk.
  • The intervention group experienced a decrease in the mean Framingham Risk Score from 5 to 3.5 (P< .05) and a reduction in the 10-year cardiovascular event probability from 5.29% to 4.24% (P< .05).
  • Control subjects showed no significant changes, highlighting the specific benefit of the structured lifestyle intervention.

Impact:

  • This study provides strong evidence that lifestyle modification is an effective strategy for mitigating cardiovascular risk in the prehypertension stage.
  • The findings support the integration of intensive lifestyle interventions into clinical practice for managing prehypertension and preventing future cardiovascular events.
  • A relative risk reduction of -69.8% (95% CI: -89% to -16.9%) suggests a substantial protective effect of the intervention.

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